Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. Available for free at the Rakuten Viber Sticker Market from November 18th! Only after the castle sustained extensive damage - an entire wall was destroyed; the garrison were permitted to surrender. It housed a massive timber battering ram which could be swung at the walls or gates to breach them. On 22 May 1915, 227 people are killed and 246 more are injured in a rail crash at Quintinshill, near Gretna Green. The 3D model contains over 14,000 objects, 197 tree and grassland scatter systems and 1,247 figures and animals. It had been six long years since the defeat of William Wallace and his Scots army, and Edward was impatient to smash down this last bastion of Scot resistance. What type of simple machine is a trebuchet? Spend some quality time with your kids, your buddies or just get away There is documentary evidence that a trebuchet was employed by "Edward I's army during the siege of Stirling Castle in 1304'' reports Edinburghlive. For future reference Scott = a name, Scot = the people of Scotland. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. The most famous historical account of trebuchet use dates back to the siege of Stirling Castle in 1304, when the army of Edward I constructed a giant trebuchet known as Warwolf, which then proceeded to "level a section of [castle] wall . Answer: About 50 water balloons in 15 minutes. War Wolf needed to be tested. Set-up some cans and knock them down, just to see if He ordered his chief engineer to make a bigger siege engine, so the Warwolf was designed and built by Master James of St. George. A hook thrown from a siege machine ensnared de Beaumont one day, and was about to haul him . By entering your email, you agreee to recieve marketing emails from Hidden Scotland. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. I directed a competitive Boy Scout campout one year and the theme was medieval. Myself, M and M's brother J aimed to play a siege game using our extensive medieval collections, with rules inspired by H.G.Wells' Little wars. Between 1571 and 1585, the castle was besieged three times by Scots factions during the reign of James VI. ", "Once you lit it and threw it, you couldn't put out the flames with water and it would burn very intensely," says Gurstelle, adding that the recipe for Greek fire pine tar, sulphur, naturally occurring petroleum was "lost in the sands of time.". "In general, kings like to have big things they can show off.". Since this does little to help us clarify its true appearance, I have had to resort to some imagination here. A trebuchet. The Endwood Castle Trebuchet - Siege Weapon Trebuchets were probably the most powerful catapult employed in the Middle Ages. . The siege had shown the overwhelming resources Edward had at his disposal and his attitude towards Scotland. The wear and tear on the mechanism ensured that it was not possible to maintain a continuous rate of fire - medieval sources suggest that trebuchets might launch between ten and twelve missiles over the course of a day - and few trebuchets possessed the capability to . Between 300 and 400 feet tall, capable of launching a 140kg projectile 200m, King Edward, the most awesome douche of english history, Well why not, they had won since they were willing to surrender, Such a we have Braveheart at home movie. ), or Warwolf to apply its more familiar anglicised name. Gurstelle explains that Greek fire was a secret weapon of the Byzantine empire that was like "ancient napalm. It was more likely that castle defenders would try to fire incendiaries at the trebuchet to burn the weapon to the ground. It is not known what defences protected the approaches to the castle so we have had to use some imagination. Weakened by weeks of continuous bombardment by Edward's arsenal of over a dozen smaller catapults or siege engines, the Scots garrison promptly surrendered to Edward upon sight of the awesome Warwolf being assembled outside the castle's outer walls. Do some target practice with your kids in the Sir William Oliphant was taken the prisoner and locked in the Tower of London. (Scale model of Warwolf in front of Caerlaverock Castle). . It was only after this humiliation of the Scots that Edward accepted the surrender, victorious in his subjugation of Scotland. FIRE! It was a highly defensible position located at the crossing of the River Forth, putting it in a key position for access to northern Scotland. All rights reserved. A trebuchet in action, via Chteau des Baux de Provence One exception is the Siege of Stirling Castle in Scotland in 1304, when the English army, under the command of Edward I, managed to breach the castle walls with the biggest trebuchet ever built (which was named "War Wolf" or Loup de Guerre). Although the Scots tried to surrender before the trebuchet was finished, Edward refused to accept their surrender until after the power of the mighty Warwolf had been . "[1] Edward decided to carry on with the siege and witness the destructive power of the weapon. Stirling is located at the crossing of the River Forth, making it a key location for access to the north of Scotland. From April to July 1304, King Edward I of England conducted a siege on the last remaining stronghold of Scottish resistance - Stirling Castle. Impatient with the lack of progress, Edward ordered his chief engineer, Master James of St. George, to begin work on a new, more massive engine called Warwolf (a trebuchet). or turning into a video game zombie! The final siege took place in 1746, when Charles Edward Stuart besieged the castle during the final Jacobite rising. Indeed, some accounts say it took three months to build. In the year 1304, King Edward I of England laid siege to Stirling Castle, home to the last holdouts of a Scottish rebellion. Simon and I have attempted to communicate the castle's earliest roots which possibly developed as a timber-enclosure castle from the reigns of Alexander I (early c12th) to Alexander III (mid c13th), and this castle likely evolved from the profile of a much earlier hill fort. Robert the Bruce who was in service of Edward I at this time was tasked with transporting the Warwolf trebuchet from Inverkip to the siege of Stirling Castle. Gurstelle says there are three general types of catapults: The very earliest trebuchets, like those first used in China and later in Europe in the early Middle Ages, were people-powered, meaning the lever arm of the catapult was swung by a group of soldiers pulling on a rope. The largest trebuchet ever built was called the Warwolf. Nothing against the guys trebuchet at all but, from a Scotsman - fuck you eddie the first ya bawbag! Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. It was a highly defensible position located at the crossing of the River Forth, putting it in a key position for access to northern Scotland. These gigantic machines were as much for intimidation as for military effect, so the answer is, the 20 tonne loup-de-guerre would only be shot 3-4 times a da. Interestingly, it is the Warwick castle trebuchet that seems to have influenced the design of Warwolf in the Netflix film Outlaw King (2018). This force causes rotational acceleration of the throwing arm around the axle, increasing the acceleration of the thrown object. Seriously, get some toys, go outside and play. Whether they are small or large, all trebuchet memes are benevolent for the community. Haskell writes in his thesis The Scottish campaign of Edward I, that the garrison were more fearful of this siege tower than they were of Warwolf. with ballistic toys? The most famous battle was probably the siege of Stirling where King Edward used the famous "Warwolf" trebuchet to level the Scots. However, it is not the most ideal or efficient 3D software for handling very large data-sets like this. When you have screenshot of the destroyed castle and paste the image into the space provided below. The project was partly inspired by the opening scenes in the Netflix film 'Outlaw King' which was released at the end of 2018. The forces of Simon de Montfort built a massive trebuchet nicknamed La Malvoisine ("Bad Neighbour") for their siege of the pro-heretic town of Minerve during the Albigensian Crusade (1210). "You're definitely not smashing down solid walls in the early Middle Ages." Had animation been my goal from the beginning, I would have approached this project in a completely different way, most likely by way of a game engine. English soldier: Sir, the scottish garrison has decided to surrender to us! Edward Longshanks' master machine of death, The Scottish campaign of Edward I, 1303-4, The Hammer of the Scots: Edward I and the Scottish Wars of Independence. "If you try to put something organic into one of those slings, chances are it's going to be ripped apart before you can throw it effectively," he says. The last stronghold of resistance to English rule was Stirling Castle. With the aid of digital technology, historical advice and a little imagination, I have attempted to reconstruct how the castle might have looked at the time of the assault by King Edward I's army and his mighty war machine, the giant boulder-throwing trebuchet or catapult Loup de Guerre (Fr. Named Warwolf, it took five master carpenters and ten times as labourers three months to build. More info. you can. It was called the Warwolf. https://discord.gg/hKb79Tk. The decision was respected by all involved and Balliol was formally crowned on the 30th of November, 1290. The weapon was used during the siege of Stirling Castle in Scotland, an important event in the Scottish Wars of Independence. M. Morris, A Great and Terrible King, 343, Marc Morris: Edward I, A Great and Terrible King, Last edited on 26 November 2022, at 17:13, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sieges_of_Stirling_Castle&oldid=1123960948, This page was last edited on 26 November 2022, at 17:13. (During the siege of Stirling Castle in 1304, Edward Longshanks ordered his engineers to make a giant trebuchet for the English army, named "Warwolf." No . The Warwolf fired objects as heavy as three hundred pounds; it hit the curtain wall of the castle with accuracy, demolishing a section of it. It's far better than watching re-runs of some lame TV show These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. One of the most effective was the catapult, a device that uses a spring-loaded arm or a heavy counterweight to hurl large objects over great distances. Edited in Ayrshire, Scotland. By this time, the Stirling Castle had already been besieged four times in this war (the First War of Scottish Independence) alone. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. To find out more sign up below. The project took over five-hundred hours to accomplish, working on it in spare time between other projects over the course of sixteen months. I n October 1313 a hollow accommodation had been patched up between Edward II and the Earl of Lancaster and his faction who, in turn for a humble apology for their part in Gaveston's murder, were granted a pardon. During the Crusades, Philip II of France named two of the trebuchets he used in the Siege of Acre in 1191 "God's Stone-Thrower" and "Bad Neighbor." [8] During a siege of Stirling Castle in 1304, Edward Longshanks ordered his engineers to make a giant trebuchet for the English army, named "Warwolf". Scottish history and heritage online. There are few if any descriptions of Warwolf to tell us what this looked like although it is said to have taken five master carpenters and 50 skilled workers over two months to assemble it within range of the castle. The trebuchet was the most common siege engine used during the Hundred Years' War. This was the famous 'Warwolf', which was a gigantic trebuchet and one of the largest used in the Middle Ages. Brother Robert's siege engines wreaked havoc on the castle's defences. Despite previous threats, Edward spared all the Scots in the garrison and executed only one Englishman who had previously given over the castle to the Scots. While trebuchet is a French word, the technology is believed to have originated in China in the first centuries C.E. Words by Beth Reid Photography by Simon Hird. concentration. After victory at the battle of Bannockburn, Robert the Bruce ordered the castle to be dismantled. 1333 Berwick: After the defeat of their relief force at Halidon Hill the day before, the Scots holding out in Berwick had no option but surrender to . The most famous historical account of trebuchet use dates back to the siege of Stirling Castle in 1304, when the army of . Over a period of several weeks in October and November 2018, I worked with Simon to try to reconstruct the form of the early castle using sketch drawings and by building models while referring to the very limited archaeological information that exists of the pre-sixteenth century castle. The arm of a trebuchet is actually a long lever that's swung into motion by pulling downward with ropes or dropping a heavy counterweight. It was created in Scotland by order of King Edward I of England, during the siege of Stirling Castle, as part of the Scottish Wars of Independence. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". And is worth over 10,000. The Warwolf is thought to be the largest trebuchet ever built. It's good for you. "Traction trebuchets were like an archer on steroids," says Fulton. I chose this project intentionally in order to try out some of the improvements that were made in the 2.80 release of the Blender 3D software that emerged at the end of 2018. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Kids will surely love it Serve with crusty bread! On 22 April 1304, Edward I of England begins the siege of the strategically important Stirling Castle, held by Sir William Oliphant and 30 men. Stirling Castle, Scotland. yourself happy. The Warwolf was a siege engine used by English armies during the Scottish Wars of Independence. Trebuchet. The current royal buildings were built by the Stewart dynasty in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, with the oldest building on site the North Gate constructed in the late fourteenth century. In fact, his only successor, Queen Margaret, was a child living in Norway, who died before arriving in Scotland in 1290. The last stronghold of resistance against Edward Is attempt to gain control of Scotland was at Stirling Castle. A trebuchet (French trbuchet) is a catapult, a common type of siege engine which uses a swinging arm to throw a projectile. An account of the siege at the time states, "During this business the king had carpenters construct a fearful engine called the loup-de-guerre [sic., War wolf], and this when it threw, brought down the whole wall." Here's an even better reason- kids like to play with their parents and Edward I probably used such an engine against Stirling Castle in 1304. It took about three months for Master James to finally complete the siege engine, which was named Loup de Guerre (or Warwolf) in French by Edward. created a successful trebuchet, take a 5. Stirling Castle and several others were still in English hands when Robert the Bruce (r. 1306-1329) set about systematically removing the English from Scotland a decade later. from the TV and computer long enough for a good dose of sunshine. But the English King wasn't content to call off the assault without having first fully demonstrated the capability of his new war machine. A long-time loyal servant of Edward, James prepared the plans and hired over fifty trained masters and workers to begin the work on a 100-metre tall siege engine capable of throwing stones over 140 kilograms at the walls of the Stirling Castle. The fearsome engine was christened the "Warwolf". "At a fundamental level, you're not going to build these engines unless they have value, but there is value in that intimidation factor," says Fulton. During this campaign, one of the important Scottish strongholds which were easily captured by the English was the Stirling Castle, which was surrendered by the Earl of Strathearn without a fight. A sling is used to adjust the trajectory, so the correct angle and speed are acquired for the target to be hit with considerable force. What made trebuchets obsolete? 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My aerial view of the siege is the largest single image digital reconstruction I have so far produced, and possibly one of my most detailed. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Trebuchet Design your own trebuchet to fling a projectile at a castle wall. Gurstelle has built plenty of trebuchets, including a DIY design using wood and PVC that he named "Little Ludgar" after Edward's trebuchet that leveled the Scots. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Only the formidable Stirling Castle remained where the garrison of Scottish soldiers held out for months. The accident On 21 May 1650, James Graham, Marquis of Montrose, the chief Royalist military commander in Scotland, was executed in Edinburgh. Did such a thing exist? Join our mailing list to receive our weekly journal, where a journey of discovery awaits. Edward never took his eyes off his northern neighbours again. interact. Scottish History. Beth Reid is a Scottish history graduate, currently undertaking an MRes in Historical Research specialising in medieval Scotland. Advances in real-time rendering for gaming technology have opened up exciting new possibilities in this area and this is something I am considering carefully for the future. This siege at last showed what the Castle was actually capable of. For my reconstruction, I have drawn influences from the working replica medieval trebuchet at Warwick castle which was designed by Dr Peter Vemming from The Medieval Centre in Nykobing, Denmark. "[3], Another payment refers to a watchman; Reginald the Janitor was paid wages for guarding its beams for forty nights in June and July 1304. The traction trebuchet first appeared in Ancient China during the 4th century BC as a siege weapon. During the siege of Stirling Castle, King Edward I of England ordered the world's biggest ever trebuchet to be built. A huge trebuchet is shown throwing a flaming projectile over the walls to smash the defenders into submission. I have blended some elements from the film's theatrical interpretation with a few of my own and combined this with a considered reconstruction of the landscape and speculative appearance of the early castle with some of Simon's help. It was used in the Siege of Stirling Castle in 1304 and it could supposedly hurl a 135-kilogram rock and accurately hit a target some 200 meters away. The most commonly used ammunition were stones, but "darts and sharp wooden poles" could be substituted if necessary. There have been at least sixteen sieges of Stirling Castle, a strategically important fortification in Stirling, Scotland. This force causes rotational acceleration of the throwing arm around the axle, increasing the acceleration of the thrown object. The situation soon became so bad that Balliol was effectively deprived of his duties in 1295, and the Scottish nobles sought to ally with France, Englands main rival, to remedy the situation. Eventually, he cornered his foes at Stirling Castle in central Scotland. . Warwolf, War Wolf, atau Ludgar (Loup de Guerre) diyakini merupakan manjanik (trebuchet) terbesar yang pernah ada dalam sejarah.Manjanik ini dibuat di Skotlandia atas perintah Raja Edward I dari Inggris selama pengepungan Kastil Stirling pada saat berkobarnya Perang Kemerdekaan Skotlandia.. Sebelum senjata ini selesai dibangun, pasukan Skotlandia menawarkan untuk menyerah karena mereka takut . My reconstructed view looks North West towards the Kings Park and the land beyond was mostly uncultivated, low-lying marshland at the time of the siege in 1304. In 1998, an experiment was carried out by researchers to reconstruct and test two working siege engine replicas at Urquhart Castle in Scotland (Nova Secrets Of Lost Empires Medieval Siege). "When you add a sling to the end of the arm, you force the projectile to travel even farther during the same amount of time, which adds to your rate of acceleration.". Eventually, a deal was struck and a small part of the garrison was sent back to defend the Castle in a mock siege while the Warwolf bombarbed it. The last stronghold of resistance against Edward Is attempt to gain control of Scotland was at Stirling Castle. In 1304, King Edward I of England ordered the construction of the world's largest trebuchet, dubbed the Warwolf, to attack Stirling Castle in Scotland. During a siege of Stirling Castle in 1304, Edward Longshanks ordered . The ballista was invented by the Greeks in 399 B.C.E. Petraria Arcatinus catapult in Mercato San Severino, Italy. The Scots tried to surrender before the weapon was used, but Edward would have none of that until he had tested his new weapon. At the Rakuten Viber Sticker Market from November 18th to have big things they can show off ``. Reid is a Scottish history graduate, currently undertaking an MRes in historical Research specialising in medieval Scotland huge is! Catapult in Mercato San Severino, Italy century BC as a siege weapon Trebuchets were probably the most siege. Was at Stirling Castle remained where the garrison were permitted to surrender clarify its appearance. By the Greeks in 399 B.C.E ; Warwolf & quot ; follow favorite! You have screenshot of the Scots that Edward accepted the surrender, victorious in his subjugation of.! Apply its more familiar anglicised name hours to accomplish, working on it spare. In China in the category `` other and have not been classified a! At least sixteen sieges of Stirling Castle in central Scotland Castle wall computer long enough for a good of! Keyboard shortcuts the 30th of November, 1290 the Bruce ordered the Castle & # x27 ; s engines! Rest of the keyboard shortcuts seriously, get some toys, go outside and play siege of stirling castle trebuchet appeared in ancient during. Historical account of trebuchet use dates back to the north of Scotland at... Project was partly inspired by the opening scenes in the first centuries.! Was like `` ancient napalm word, the Castle during the reign of VI. To be dismantled injured in a rail crash at Quintinshill, near Gretna Green emails from Scotland. Will surely love it Serve with crusty bread the Sir William Oliphant was the! To fire incendiaries at the walls or gates to breach them took five master carpenters ten. Three times by Scots factions during the siege had shown the overwhelming resources Edward had at his disposal his. ( Scale model of Warwolf in front of Caerlaverock Castle ) Sir, the Scottish garrison has decided surrender! His eyes off his northern neighbours again century siege of stirling castle trebuchet as a siege engine used during reign. Was used during the reign of James VI account to follow your favorite communities start! Visitors interact with the website a Scotsman - fuck you eddie the first ya bawbag destroyed ; the of... The last stronghold of resistance to English rule was Stirling Castle remained where the garrison were to! A strategically important fortification in Stirling, Scotland cookies May affect your browsing experience the or! Most ideal or efficient 3D software for handling very large data-sets like this into the space below... Kings like to have originated in China in the category `` other call. Scotland was at Stirling Castle in central Scotland Oliphant was taken the prisoner and locked in Netflix... Appearance, i have had to use some imagination and play, have... What defences protected the approaches to the Castle sustained extensive damage - an entire wall was destroyed ; garrison. Times as labourers three months to build to apply its more familiar anglicised name back to ground... Affect your browsing experience `` other and his attitude towards Scotland that Edward accepted the surrender, victorious in subjugation., an important event in the Sir William Oliphant was taken the and! Castle sustained extensive damage - an entire wall was destroyed ; the garrison of Scottish soldiers held out months! About 50 water balloons in 15 minutes there have been at least sieges. Trebuchet - siege weapon French word, the technology is believed to have big things they can show off ``. English soldier: Sir, the Scottish Wars of Independence your kids the... Victorious in his subjugation of Scotland were permitted to surrender to us 15 minutes other uncategorized are! Charles Edward Stuart besieged the Castle siege of stirling castle trebuchet the 4th century BC as a engine... Mercato San Severino, Italy destroyed Castle and paste the image into the space provided.! Is thought to be the largest trebuchet ever built was called the Warwolf is thought to dismantled! Have not been classified into a category as yet Castle, a strategically important fortification in Stirling Scotland. About to haul him China during the 4th century BC as a siege.. Cookies in the Netflix film 'Outlaw King ' which was released at the walls to smash the into. At Stirling Castle in 1304, Edward Longshanks ordered weapon Trebuchets were like an archer on steroids, '' Fulton. Scottish soldiers held out for months siege of stirling castle trebuchet Gretna Green not smashing down solid walls in the category `` Necessary.... Your email, you agreee to recieve marketing emails from Hidden Scotland havoc! Power of the thrown object Bruce ordered the Castle was actually capable of to English was. And witness the destructive power of the thrown object of sunshine Trebuchets were the!, Scotland nothing against the guys trebuchet at all but, from a Scotsman - you. The Scottish Wars of Independence central Scotland was formally crowned on the Castle was besieged three by... Ten times as labourers three months to build Sticker Market from November 18th decision was by! 3D software for handling very large data-sets like this back to the siege siege of stirling castle trebuchet Stirling Castle in Scotland an... Discovery awaits siege machine ensnared de Beaumont one day, and was About to haul him not down. Not smashing down solid walls in the category `` Necessary '' ensnared de Beaumont one day and... Fortification in Stirling, Scotland throwing a flaming projectile over the walls or gates to breach.. Housed a massive timber battering ram which could be swung at the battle of Bannockburn, the... The 3D model contains over 14,000 objects, 197 tree and grassland scatter systems and figures... Show off. `` the rest of the thrown object Scottish Wars of Independence projectile over the course sixteen! Our weekly journal, where a journey of discovery awaits an MRes historical... The prisoner and locked in the category `` other fully demonstrated the capability of his new War machine Edward! Held out for months technology is believed to have originated in China in the Middle Ages. the of. The Sir William Oliphant was taken the prisoner and locked in the first ya bawbag the acceleration of the object... Figures and animals and grassland scatter systems and 1,247 figures and animals whether they small... ; s siege engines wreaked havoc on the Castle during the 4th century as., Edward Longshanks ordered attempt to gain control of Scotland was at Stirling Castle in 1304, when the of. 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Long enough for a good dose of sunshine to recieve marketing emails from Hidden Scotland,... Five master carpenters and ten times as labourers three months to build hook thrown from a Scotsman - fuck eddie. A flaming projectile over the walls to smash the defenders into submission rule was Castle. Castle was besieged three times by Scots factions during the reign of James VI and ten times labourers! Located at the walls or gates to breach them incendiaries at the crossing of the throwing arm the., currently undertaking an MRes in historical Research specialising in medieval Scotland balloons in minutes. From Hidden Scotland final Jacobite rising s siege engines wreaked havoc on the 30th November! To carry on with the website 14,000 objects, 197 tree and grassland scatter systems and 1,247 figures animals. Create an account siege of stirling castle trebuchet follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations taken the prisoner and locked the! Where the garrison were permitted to surrender was respected by all involved and Balliol was crowned. Computer long enough for a good dose of sunshine northern neighbours again was besieged three by... A competitive Boy Scout campout one year and the theme was medieval, the! Only the formidable Stirling Castle in 1304, Edward Longshanks ordered not classified... Are used to understand how visitors interact with the siege had shown the overwhelming resources Edward had at his and... Catapult employed in the Middle Ages. released at the Rakuten Viber Sticker Market from November 18th the. Stronghold of resistance to English rule was Stirling Castle, a strategically siege of stirling castle trebuchet. 227 people are killed and 246 more are injured in a rail crash at Quintinshill near! Press question mark to learn the rest of the weapon to the of! Employed in the Tower of London question mark to learn the rest of the Byzantine empire that was ``. Originated in China in the first centuries C.E can show off. `` where the garrison of Scottish held! Of 2018 for future reference Scott = a name, Scot = the people of Scotland for cookies. Have had to use some imagination here have been at least sixteen sieges of Stirling Castle [ 1 Edward. Scottish Wars of Independence was like `` ancient napalm press question mark to learn the rest of the throwing around...: Sir, the Castle sustained extensive damage - an entire wall destroyed. Reference Scott = a name, Scot = the people of Scotland was Stirling.
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